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Objective:To examine the correlations of microRNA-34c(miR-34c) expression in the peripheral blood with the onset of diabetic foot ulcer(DFU)and diabetic foot osteomyelitis(DFO)in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).Methods:Sixty newly-diagnosed T2DM patients without DFU(T2DM group), 112 T2DM patients with DFU(DFU group), and 60 healthy controls with normal glucose tolerance(NC group)were included. The 112 T2DM patients with DFU were further divided into DFO( n=64)and NDFO( n=48)groups. The levels of miR-34c were determined by quantitative real-time PCR, while clinical features and risk factors of DFU and DFO were explored. Results:A significant increase in the expression level of miR-34c in peripheral blood was observed in T2DM group compared with NC group[2.99(1.45-6.22) vs 1.01(0.89-1.52), P<0.05], and a markedly increased miR-34c expression level was noted in DFU group compared with T2DM group [9.65(6.15-18.63) vs 2.99(1.45-6.22), P<0.01]. Additionally, the expression level of miR-34c in peripheral blood significantly increased in DFO group compared to NDFO group [13.46(8.89-19.11) vs 6.02(5.93-14.72), P<0.01]. Moreover, there was a positive correlation between the expression level of miR-34c in peripheral blood and the amputation rate in patients in DFU group( P=0.030), and a negative correlation in the expression level of miR-34c( P=0.025)with healing rate of DFU after eight weeks. The multivariate logistic regression analysis confirmed that a high expression of miR-34c was an independent risk factor for DFU and DFO( OR=3.52, 4.13; both P<0.01). Conclusion:An increased expression of miR-34c in peripheral blood of T2DM patients might be closely related to the occurrence, development, and prognosis of DFU and DFO.
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Objective To evaluate measurement acquisition,operability,and measurement agreement of the OA-2000 in cataract eyes with high myopia.Methods A diagnosis test examined 1 030 eyes of 780 high-myopia cataract patients at the Wuhan Aier Eye Hospital from October 2017 to October 2018.The eyes were examined using the OA-2000,the IOLMaster 500 and the Lenstar-LS900 preoperatively.Measurement acquisition was recorded.The total ophthalmic exam,the duration of patient data entry,the actual measurement process,and the time from intraocular lens power calculation to printout were calculated.Ocular biometric parameters,including anterior chamber depth (ACD),axial length (AL),keratometry for the flattest meridian (Kf),and keratometry for the steepest meridian (Ks) were compared among the devices.This study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Wuhan Aier Eye Hospital (No.2017IRBKY07).Results The OA-2000 was capable of obtaining an AL measurement in 94.95％ of the eyes,which was significantly higher than the 83.98％ and 83.01％ measured by the IOLMaster 500 and Lenstar-LS900,respectively (x2=38.171,46.208;both at P＜0.001).The total ophthalmic exam with the OA-2000 took a significantly shorter time than the Lenstar-LS900 ([109.34±2.22]s vs.[135.64±5.55] s) (P＜0.05).Excellent correlations were found for the AL,ACD,Kf,and Ks measurements between the OA-2000 and the IOLMaster 500 (r =0.999,0.937,0.996,0.996;all at P＜ 0.001).Good correlations were also found between the OA-2000 and the Lenstar-LS900 (r =0.999,0.965,0.995,0.996;all at P＜0.001).The respective 95％ limits of agreement of the OA-2000 and IOLMaster 500,and the OA-2000 and Lenstar-LS900 were-0.19 to 0.20 mm and-0.13 to 0.17 mm for AL;-0.23 to 0.23 mm and-0.18 to 0.16 mm for ACD;-0.48 to 0.47 D and-0.64 to 0.65 D for Kf;-0.49 to 0.47 D and-0.60 to 0.61 D for Ks.Conclusions In terms of AL,ACD,Kf and Ks in cataractous eyes with high myopia,the OA-2000,IOLMaster 500,and Lenstar-LS900 show excellent correlation and agreement.The OA-2000,a new swept-source OCT-based biometer,outperforms both the IOLMaster 500 and the Lenstar-LS900 in terms of AL measurement acquisition and operability.
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Objective@#To evaluate measurement acquisition, operability, and measurement agreement of the OA-2000 in cataract eyes with high myopia.@*Methods@#A diagnosis test examined 1 030 eyes of 780 high-myopia cataract patients at the Wuhan Aier Eye Hospital from October 2017 to October 2018.The eyes were examined using the OA-2000, the IOLMaster 500 and the Lenstar-LS900 preoperatively.Measurement acquisition was recorded.The total ophthalmic exam, the duration of patient data entry, the actual measurement process, and the time from intraocular lens power calculation to printout were calculated.Ocular biometric parameters, including anterior chamber depth (ACD), axial length (AL), keratometry for the flattest meridian (Kf), and keratometry for the steepest meridian (Ks) were compared among the devices.This study complied with the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of Wuhan Aier Eye Hospital (No.2017IRBKY07).@*Results@#The OA-2000 was capable of obtaining an AL measurement in 94.95% of the eyes, which was significantly higher than the 83.98% and 83.01% measured by the IOLMaster 500 and Lenstar-LS900, respectively (χ2=38.171, 46.208; both at P<0.001). The total ophthalmic exam with the OA-2000 took a significantly shorter time than the Lenstar-LS900 ([109.34±2.22]s vs. [135.64±5.55]s) (P<0.05). Excellent correlations were found for the AL, ACD, Kf, and Ks measurements between the OA-2000 and the IOLMaster 500 (r=0.999, 0.937, 0.996, 0.996; all at P<0.001). Good correlations were also found between the OA-2000 and the Lenstar-LS900 (r=0.999, 0.965, 0.995, 0.996; all at P<0.001). The respective 95% limits of agreement of the OA-2000 and IOLMaster 500, and the OA-2000 and Lenstar-LS900 were -0.19 to 0.20 mm and -0.13 to 0.17 mm for AL; -0.23 to 0.23 mm and -0.18 to 0.16 mm for ACD; -0.48 to 0.47 D and -0.64 to 0.65 D for Kf; -0.49 to 0.47 D and -0.60 to 0.61 D for Ks.@*Conclusions@#In terms of AL, ACD, Kf and Ks in cataractous eyes with high myopia, the OA-2000, IOLMaster 500, and Lenstar-LS900 show excellent correlation and agreement.The OA-2000, a new swept-source OCT-based biometer, outperforms both the IOLMaster 500 and the Lenstar-LS900 in terms of AL measurement acquisition and operability.
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Anemia is a common and easily being neglected complication of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and is related with disease prognosis and quality of life in IBD patients. The main types of anemia in IBD patients are iron deficiency anemia, anemia of chronic disease and mixed type. Nowadays, the diagnosis and treatment of IBD related anemia have made great progress. This article reviewed the progress in diagnosis and treatment of IBD related anemia.
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Objective@#To analyze the trends of cancer incidence and age changes in China with using cancer registration data, and to provide evidence for the development of cancer prevention and control.@*Methods@#Twenty-two cancer registries with continuous (2000-2014) data were selected. The incidence of different sex and regional population, the standardized incidence rate by Chinese population, the average annual change percentage (AAPC) and annual change percentage(APC) were calculated. Age-period-cohort model were used to analyze the changes of cancer incidence, age-adjusted mean ages. The age-standardized proportion of 2000 and 2014 with were compared.@*Results@#The cancer incidence in China increased by 3.9% (95%CI: 3.7%-4.1%) from 2000 to 2014 in APC, and the age-standardized incidence rate increased by 1.2% (95%CI: 1.0%-1.4%) in AAPC. The age-specific incidence showed that each age groups increased significantly in female, ranged between 0.9% to 6.0%. The APC in male aged from 60 years old showed decline trend, the APC in 60-69, 70-79, ≥80 years old were -0.2, -0.3, -0.3, while in the population aged 0-29, 30-39 years old increased dramatically, APC were 3.5, 2.0. Female under 60 also increased, and APC in 0-29, 30-39, 40-49, 0-59 years old were 5.7, 6.0, 3.4, 2.9, respectively. The mean age of patients diagnosed with cancer were increased during the past 15 years, with about 0.11 years per year increased. However, the mean age of the patients diagnosed with cancer showed decreased trend by 0.13 years after age structure adjusted.@*Conclusion@#The trend of mean age for cancer incidence in China were getting younger than before, and the trend in women is more obviously than in man.
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Objective To investigate clinicopathological significance of atypical squamous epithelium cells which cannot exclude high grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASC-H) in the diagnosis of cervical diseases. Methods The results of age, high-risk human papillomavirus DNA (hrHPV DNA) and cervical biopsy in 496 patients with ASC-H from March 2012 to December 2015 in Shanxi Dayi Hospital were analyzed. Results Among 496 ASC-H cases, the proportion of the patients between 40 and 49 years old was the highest [30.8 ％ (153/496)]. HrHPV DNA was detected in 154 cases, and the positive rate was 79.2 ％(122/154), and the positive rate of patients at the age of 18 to 29 years old was the highest [84.2 ％ (16/19)]. The detection rate of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) Ⅱand above lesions in 124 cases with cervical biopsy was 66.9 ％ (83/124), including 100 cases with hrHPV DNA positive (80.6 ％) and 24 cases with hrHPV DNA negative (19.4 ％). There were 71 cases (71.0 ％) of CINⅡ, CIN Ⅲ, early squamous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinomas in 100 hrHPV DNA positive patients with cervical biopsy. There were 12 cases (50.0 ％) of CINⅡ/Ⅲ changes in 24 hrHPV DNA negative patients with cervical biopsy, but none in early squamous carcinoma and squamous cell carcinomas was detected, and there was a significant difference between hrHPV DNA positive and negative patients (χ2=3.857, P< 0.05). The positive predictive value, negative predictive value, sensitivity and specificity of hrHPV DNA detection for diagnosis of CINⅡand above lesions were 85.5 ％, 29.3 ％, 71.0 ％ and 50.0 ％, respectively. Conclusions ASC-H strongly predicts CINⅡand above lesions in cervical cytology. The detection of hrHPV DNA has a high positive predictive value for CINⅡand above lesions.
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Objective To evaluate the effect of oxycodone on function of GABAA receptors in dor-sal root ganglion ( DRG ) neurons of rats with neuropathic pain ( NP ) . Methods Thirty-six adult male Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 180-220 g, aged 10 weeks, were allocated into 3 groups ( n=12 each) u-sing a random number table method: sham operation group ( group S ) , group NP and oxycodone group ( group O) . The sciatic nerve was only isolated but not ligated in group S. NP was induced by chronic con-striction injury. The sciatic nerve was exposed and 4 loose ligatures were placed on the sciatic nerve at 1 mm intervals with 4-0 chromic catgut. Oxycodone 15μg∕kg was intraperitoneally injected once a day for 14 con-secutive days from ligating the sciatic nerve to satisfaction in group O. The thermal paw withdrawal latency( TWL) was measured at 1 day before establishing the model ( T0 ) and 3, 5, 7, 10 and 14 days after es-tablishing the model ( T1-5 ) . The rats were sacrificed after measurement of pain threshold at T5 , and DRG neurons were acutely isolated for recording the amplitude of GABAA receptors-activated currents using whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Results Compared with group S, the TWL was significantly shortened at T1-5, and the amplitude of GABAA receptors-activated currents in DRG neurons was decreased in NP and O groups (P<0. 05). Compared with group NP, the TWL was significantly prolonged at T1-5, and the ampli-tude of GABAA receptors-activated currents in DRG neurons was increased in group O ( P<0. 05) . Conclu-sion Oxycodone can enhance the function of GABAA receptors-activated currents in DRG neurons and thus enhance GABAA receptors-mediated presynaptic inhibition, which may be related to the mechanism of oxyc-odone-induced reduction of NP in rats.
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Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), and analyze their relationship with lymph node metastasis (LNM). Methods The clinicopathological data of 914 cases of PTC from January 2012 to December 2016 was analyzed retrospectively byχ2 test andχ2 trend test, including age, gender, tumor size, the number of lesions and LNM, in order to illuminate the characteristics of incidence and variation trend of PTC. Results The numbers of PTC cases in Shanxi Dayi Hospital increased year by year in recent 5 years (χ2=64.009, P=0.001). The rate of LNM was higher in age of ≤40 years old [34.9 % (84/241)] and > 70 years old [44.0 % (11/25)] than age 41-70 years old [15.6 % (101/648)] (χ2 = 39.577 and 14.009, both P= 0.000). It showed a triphasic pattern, which presented a uptrend with age decreasing in patients ≤ 40 years old (χ2= 10.490, P= 0.010), on the contrary, it appeared a rising trend with age increasing in patients>40 years old (χ2=10.170, P=0.010). The sex ratio of male and female was 1:2.97. The rate of LNM for male was higher than female (χ2=5.845, P=0.013). There was approximate risk of LNM between tumor diameter ≤1 cm and>1 cm (χ2=0.070, P=0.610). The rate of LNM in the cases of multiple lesions was apparently higher than that in cases of single lesions (χ2=145.440, P=0.000). Conclusions The incidence of PTC is on the rise. The risk factors of LNM are age (≤40 years old and>70 years old), male and multiple lesions.
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Objective To evaluate the relationship and screening value of percentage of body fat (BF%) and waist height ratio (WHtR) for hyperlipidemia in physical examination people. Methods A total of 2 668 objects taking physical examination in Henan Province People′s Hospital from September to December 2014 were included in this study. Values of height, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, body composition and blood lipid level were detected. The receiver oper?ating characteristic curve (ROC) was used to analyze the screening rate of WHtR and BF%on hyperlipidemia with sensitivi?ty, specific and area under the curve (AUC). After stratified by age, waist circumference and BMI, multivariable logistic re?gression analysis was used to investigate the association between hyperlipidemia risk, BF% and WHtR. Results The screening accuracy rate on hyperlipidemia was higher for BF%, AUC was 0.79 in both female and male people. Among wom?en with BMI<18.5 kg/m2 and 18.5~<24 kg/m2, the risk of hyperlipidemia was higher in superfatted group than that of normal group. There was no correlation between WHtR and hyperlipidemia. Among men older than 40 y or with abnormal waist cir?cumference (≥85 cm), the risk of hyperlipidemia was higher in superfatted group than that of normal group, but not associat?ed with WHtR. Conclusion The BF%is a better screening indicator for hyperlipidemia compared with that of WHtR and BMI. Women with BMI<18.5 kg/m2 and 18.5~<24 kg/m2 and men older than 40 y or with waist circumference over 85 cm are suggested to do body composition tests to improve screening accuracy for hyperlipidemia.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the immunotoxicity induced by 9,10-dimethyl-1,2-benzathrancene (DMBA) in metallothionein gene-knocked-out mice [MT(-/-)] as compared with that in wild-type mice [(MT(+/+)].</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Female mice were treated with 25 mg/kg and 50 mg/kg of DMBA i.p., respectively and immunized with sheep red blood cells (SRBC) i.v. on the following day and rechallenged by injection of SRBC via footpad s.c. on the fourth day post-immunization. Humoral and cell-mediated immune function was assessed by the number of spleen IgM antibody plaque formation cells (PFC) to SRBC and cell-mediated delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) measured by footpad swelling thickness.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After treatment with 25 mg/kg DMBA, a decrease in weight of their spleen and thymus and PFC/spleen were observed in MT(-/-) mice, while only decrease in thymus weight of MT(+/+) mice. The humoral function was suppressed by 72% in MT(-/-) mice. No obvious change in cell-mediated immune function was observed both in MT(-/-) and MT(+/+) mice. Both humoral and cell-mediated immune function were suppressed more severe (91%) in MT(-/-) mice treated with 50 mg/kg DMBA than those treated with 25 mg/kg DMBA (72%). DTH was not altered by DMBA in MT(+/+) mice. The weight of their spleen and thymus decreased and humoral immune function suppressed in MT(+/+) mice, but these changes were significantly less severe. No obvious suppression of cell-mediated immune function was observed in MT(+/+) mice.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Their humoral and cell-mediated immune function was more susceptible to being suppressed by DMBA in MT(-/-) mice, indicating that MT could protect their immune function from damage caused by DMBA.</p>